Dialysis of lactotropes with antisense oligonucleotides assigns guanine nucleotide binding protein subtypes to their channel effectors.

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled and -uncoupled states of opioid receptors and their relevance to the determination of subtypes.

Opioid receptors are currently classified as mu, delta, and kappa types, but various subtypes have also been proposed. We have investigated whether subtypes exist by using [3H]bremazocine. [3H]Bremazocine binds to twice as many naloxone-sensitive sites as other nonselective opioid agonists, as shown in four membrane types that have very different ratios of mu, delta, and kappa receptor types. [...

Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Protein

Gz, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein with unique biochemical properties.

Cloning of a complementary DNA (cDNA) for Gz alpha, a newly appreciated member of the family of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins), has allowed preparation of specific antisera to identify the protein in tissues and to assay it during purification from bovine brain. Additionally, expression of the cDNA in Escherichia coli has resulted in the production and purification ...

Allosteric determinants in guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.

Members of the G protein superfamily contain nucleotide-dependent switches that dictate the specificity of their interactions with binding partners. Using a sequence-based method termed statistical coupling analysis (SCA), we have attempted to identify the allosteric core of these proteins, the network of amino acid residues that couples the domains responsible for nucleotide binding and protei...

Guanine modification of inhibitory oligonucleotides potentiates their suppressive function.

Inhibitory TLR7 and/or TLR9 oligonucleotides (inhibitory oligonucleotide [INH-ODN]) are characterized by a phosphorothioate backbone and a CC(T)XXX₃₋₅GGG motif, respectively. INH-ODN 2088 is a prototypic member of this class of INH-ODN and acts as a TLR7 and TLR9 antagonist. It contains a G quadruple that leads to higher order structures by the formation of G tetrads. These structures are unfav...